Amabhokisi amakhadibhodiezezimbonieyenziwe ngaphambiliniamabhokisi, ngokuyinhloko esetshenziselwaukupakishaizimpahla nezinto zokwakha.Ochwepheshe bemboni abavamisile ukusebenzisa leli gamaamakhadibhodi ngoba alisho into ethile.Igamaamakhadibhodiingase ibhekisele ezintweni ezihlukahlukene ezisindayo ezifana nephepha, kuhlanganiseisitokwe sekhadi,i-fiberboard enothayelafuthiiphephabhodi.Amabhokisi amakhadibhodikungaba kalulakugaywe kabusha.
Ebhizinisini nasembonini, abakhiqizi bezinto ezibonakalayo, abakhiqizi beziqukathi,onjiniyela bokupakisha, futhiizinhlangano zamazinga, zama ukusebenzisa okuqondileitheminology.Akukho ukusetshenziswa okuphelele nokufana.Ngokuvamile igama elithi “ikhadibhodi” liyagwenywa ngoba alichazi noma iyiphi impahla ethile.
Ukuhlukaniswa okubanzi kwe-paper-basedukupakishaizinto zokwakha yilezi:
Iphephakuyinto encane kakhulu esetshenziselwa ukubhala phezu kwayo, ukuphrinta phezu kwayo, noma ukupakisha.Ikhiqizwa ngokucindezela ndawonye imicu eswakeme, ngokuvamile i-cellulose pulp etholakala okhunini, amanikiniki, noma utshani, futhi yomiswe ibe amashidi aguquguqukayo.
Ibhodi lamaphepha, ngezinye izikhathi eyaziwa ngokuthiamakhadibhodi, ngokuvamile ijiyile (imvamisa ingaphezu kuka-0.25 mm noma amaphuzu ayi-10) kunephepha.Ngokwezindinganiso ze-ISO, i-paperboard iyiphepha elinesisindo esiyisisekelo (i-grammage) engaphezu kuka-224 g/m2, kodwa kukhona okuhlukile.I-Paperboard ingaba yi-single- noma i-multi-ply.
I-fiberboard ehlanganisiwe ngezinye izikhathi eyaziwa ngokuthiibhodi likathayelaor amakhadibhodi kathayela, iwumsebenzi osuselwe ephepheni ohlanganisiwe ohlanganisa indawo kathayela etshibilikayo kanye nebhodi elilodwa noma amabili omugqa oyisicaba.Umtshingo uyanikaamabhokisi kathayelaamandla awo amaningi futhi iyisici esinomthelela wokuthi kungani i-fiberboard eboshiwe ijwayele ukusetshenziselwa ukuthutha nokugcina.
Kukhona futhi amagama amaningi eziqukathi:
Aisitsha sokuthumelaeyenziwei-fiberboard enothayelangezinye izikhathi ibizwa ngokuthi “ikhadibhodi”, “ibhokisi”, noma “ikesi”.Kunezinketho eziningi zeumklamo webhokisi likathayela.
Ukugoqaibhokisieyenziweiphephabhodingezinye izikhathi ibizwa ngokuthi "ibhokisi lekhadibhodi“.
Ukusethaibhokisiyenziwe ngebanga elingagobi leiphephabhodifuthi ngezinye izikhathi ibizwa ngokuthi "ibhokisi lekhadibhodi“.
Amabhokisi eziphuzoeyenziweiphephabhodiama-laminates, ngezinye izikhathi abizwa ngokuthi "amabhokisi amakhadibhodi","amabhokisi", noma"amabhokisi“.
Umlando
Ibhokisi lokuqala lephepha lezentengiselwano (elingelona likathayela) ngezinye izikhathi linikezwa inkampani i-M. Treverton & Son eNgilandi ngo-1817.Ibhokisi lekhadibhodi lebhokisi lenziwa ngonyaka ofanayo eJalimane.
Owazalelwa eScotlandRobert Gairwasungula i-pre-cutamakhadibhodinomaiphephabhodiibhokisingo-1890 - izingcezu eziyisicaba ezakhiwe ngobuningi ezagoqwa zabaamabhokisi.Ukusungulwa kukaGair kwaba khona ngenxa yengozi: wayengumshicileli waseBrooklyn kanye nomenzi wezikhwama zephepha ngeminyaka yawo-1870, futhi ngolunye usuku, lapho enyathelisa i-oda lezikhwama zembewu, irula lensimbi elivame ukusetshenziselwa ukusika izikhwama eziguquliwe. bese ubasika.UGair wathola ukuthi ngokusika nokusika ekuhlinzeni okukodwa angakwazi ukwenza okwakhiwe kusengaphambiliamabhokisi amaphepha.Ukusebenzisa lo mbono kuibhokisi likathayelakwaba intuthuko eqondile lapho impahla itholakala ngasekupheleni kwekhulu lamashumi amabili.
Amabhokisi amakhadibhodizathuthukiswa kuFrancecishe ngo-1840 ukuthutha iBombyx moriinundu namaqanda ayousilikaabakhiqizi, futhi iminyaka engaphezu kwekhulu ukukhiqizwaamabhokisi amakhadibhodikwaba imboni enkulu kuValréasindawo.
Ukufika kwe-lightweightokusanhlamvu okuphekiwekwandisa ukusetshenziswaamabhokisi amakhadibhodi.Eyokuqala ukusebenzisaamabhokisi amakhadibhodinjengoba amabhokisi okusanhlamvu kwaba theInkampani ye-Kellogg.
Iphepha elakhiwe ngothayela (elibizwa nangokuthi yi-pleated).okunelungelo lobunikazieNgilandi ngo-1856, futhi yasetshenziswa njengomugqa wobudeizigqoko,kodwaibhodi likathayelayayingenalo ilungelo lobunikazi futhi yasetshenziswa njengento yokuthumela kwaze kwaba ngumhla zingama-20 kuZibandlela 1871. Ilungelo lobunikazi lanikezwa u-Albert Jones weNew York Cityokohlangothi olulodwa (ubuso obubodwa)ibhodi likathayela.Jones wasebenzisa iibhodi likathayelaamabhodlela okusonga kanye noshimula bezibani zengilazi.Umshini wokuqala wokukhiqiza amanani amakhuluibhodi likathayelayakhiwa ngo-1874 nguG. Smyth, futhi ngawo lowo nyaka u-Oliver Long wathuthukisa umklamo kaJones ngokusungula ibhodi likathayela elinamashidi omugqa nhlangothi zombili.amakhadibhodi kathayelanjengoba sisazi namuhla.
Esokuqala sikathayelaibhokisi lekhadibhodiakhiqizwa e-US kwaba ngo-1895. Ngasekuqaleni kwawo-1900, amakhreyithi enziwe ngokhuni kanyeamabhokisizathathelwa indawoiphepha likathayelaukuthuthaamabhokisi.
Ngo-1908, amagama athi "iphepha likathayela” kanye “amakhadibhodi kathayela” zombili zazisetshenziswa ekuhwebeni ngephepha
Imisebenzi yezandla nokuzijabulisa
Ikhadibhodikanye nezinye izinto ezisekelwe ephepheni (i-paperboard, i-fiberboard kathayela, njll.) ingaba nempilo yangemva kweprimary njengempahla eshibhile yokwakha uhla lwamaphrojekthi, phakathi kwawo okuwukuthiukuhlolwa kwesayensi, izinganeamathoyizi,imvunulo, noma i-insulative lining.Ezinye izingane zijabulela ukudlala ngaphakathiamabhokisi.
A evamileclichéukuthi, uma kwethulwa entsha enkulu futhi ebizayoithoyizi, ingane izosheshe idinwe ithoyizi futhi esikhundleni salokho idlale ngebhokisi.Nakuba ngokuvamile lokhu kushiwo ngokuncokola, izingane ngokuqinisekile zijabulela ukudlala ngamabhokisi, zisebenzisa umcabango wazo ukuze ziveze ibhokisi njengezinto ezihlukahlukene ezingapheli.Esinye isibonelo salokhu esikweni elidumile sivela kumdwebo wamahlayaUCalvin noHobbes, umlingiswa wakhe, uCalvin, wayevame ukucabanga aibhokisi lekhadibhodinjenge-“transmogrifier”, “duplicator”, noma aumshini wesikhathi.
Kwande kakhulu idumela lekhadibhodi njengento yokudlala kangangokuthi ngo-2005 aibhokisi lekhadibhodiyengezwe kuI-National Toy Hall of Famee-US, elinye lamathoyizi ambalwa kakhulu angewona uhlobo oluthile azohlonishwa ngokufakwa.Ngenxa yalokho, ithoyizi "indlu" (empeleni aindlu yamapulangwe) eyenziwe ngenkuluibhokisi lekhadibhodiyengezwe eHholo, ehlala endaweniI-Strong National Museum of PlayphakathiRochester, New York.
IIgiya Lensimbiuchungechunge lweisinyenyela amageyimu evidiyoine-gag egijimayo ehlanganisa aibhokisi lekhadibhodinjengento engaphakathi kwegeyimu, engasetshenziswa umdlali ukuze azame ukunyonyoba ezindaweni ngaphandle kokubanjwa abaqaphi besitha.
Izindlu kanye nefenisha
Ukuhlala eibhokisi lekhadibhodikuyintostereotypicallyehambisana neukungabi namakhaya.Nokho, ngo-2005,eMelbourneumdwebi wamapulani uPeter Ryan waklama indlu eyakhiwe kakhulu ngamakhadibhodi.Okuvamile izihlalo ezincane noma amatafula amancane enziweamakhadibhodi kathayela.Imibukiso yempahla eyenziweamakhadibhodizivame ukutholakala ezitolo zokuzisiza.
Ukunciphisa ngokucindezela
Isisindo kanye ne-viscosity yomoya ovalekile kusiza kanye nokuqina okulinganiselwe kwamabhokisi ukumunca amandla ezinto ezizayo.Ngo-2012, Britishstuntman Gary Conneryyahlala ngokuphepha ngei-wingsuitngaphandle kokufaka ipharashuthi yakhe, yehlela ku-3.6-metres (12 ft) high crushable "runway" (indawo yokuhlala) eyakhiwe ngezinkulungwane zeamabhokisi amakhadibhodi.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Feb-22-2023