I-HABER SPRINGS, Mich. — Konke kwaqala ngo-1990, lapho isifunda esisemaphethelweni asenyakatho-ntshonalanga yeNhlonhlo Esezansi sinezindawo ezimbili zokugaywa kabusha ezixhaswe yiminyaka emibili yentela encane.
Namuhla, uhlelo lwase-Emmett County lokugaywa kabusha kobuchwepheshe obuphezulu selukhule lwaba ijeneretha yemali engenisa izigidi zamadola kubahlali bomphakathi abangaphezu kuka-33,000, badayisela izinkampani zaseMichigan kanye nesifunda saseGreat Lakes izinkulungwane zamathani ezinto ezigaywa kabusha ukuze zenze imikhiqizo emisha. Baze bathola nendlela yokuphinda basebenzise izikhwama zokuthenga zepulasitiki.
Ochwepheshe bathi uhlelo lwaseNyakatho oluneminyaka engu-30 ubudala lungasebenza njengesibonelo sezikweletu eziyisishiyagalombili isishayamthetho sezwe esizilindile ezingasiza iMichigan County ukwakha izindlela eziningi zokugaywa kabusha, ukunciphisa ukulahlwa kwemfucumfucu kanye nokwenza inzuzo ku-loop ekhulayo Thuthukisa umnotho wezinto eziphilayo ezikwazi ukuphinda zisetshenziswe futhi zihlanganiswe.
"Baye babonisa ukuthi ukutshalwa kwezimali komphakathi kulolu hlobo lwengqalasizinda kuyakhokha - emsebenzini womphakathi obalulekile, futhi amaphesenti angu-90 wezinto ezibonakalayo abaziqoqa ngohlelo lwabo lokuphinda bathengiselwe izinkampani zaseMichigan," kusho uKerrin O'Brien, umqondisi omkhulu wenhlangano engenzi nzuzo iMichigan Recycling Alliance.
Esikhungweni se-Harbour Springs, ingalo yerobhothi ishanela ngokushesha ibhande elihambayo elihambayo, ikhipha amapulasitiki asezingeni eliphezulu, ingilazi ne-aluminium emigqonyeni yokuhlunga.Umfudlana oxubile weziqukathi ugeleza emibuthanweni kuze kube yilapho irobhothi likhipha zonke izinto ezigaywa kabusha ngokukhethwa okungu-90 ngomzuzu; omunye umugqa wezinto ezikwelinye igumbi kulapho abasebenzi bekhetha khona amaphepha ngesandla, amabhokisi asuka ebhandeni elihambayo lokuthutha nendawo yesikhwama.
Lolu hlelo luwumvuthwandaba weminyaka yokutshalwa kwezimali ohlelweni olusebenzela indawo enezifunda eziningi, izikhulu ezithi selakhe isiko lendawo lokusebenzisa kabusha okusebenzayo ezindlini, amabhizinisi nasezindaweni zomphakathi.
Izinga lokuphinda lisetshenziswe kabusha kwesifunda saseMichigan lisalele ngemuva kweningi lezwe ngamaphesenti angu-19, futhi ukwanda kokubamba iqhaza kuzogcina kunciphise ukukhishwa kwekhabhoni kukonke futhi kusondele ezinhlosweni zesimo sezulu esisha sombuso.Isayensi ikhombisa ukuthi amagesi abamba ukushisa anjenge-carbon dioxide ne-methane abamba ukushisa emkhathini futhi abe nomthelela ekushiseni komhlaba nokushintsha kwesimo sezulu.
E-Michigan, imithetho mayelana nokuthi yini engagaywa kabusha iyinhlanganisela yokuthi ingabe imiphakathi noma amabhizinisi azimele asungula izinhlelo nokuthi yiziphi izinto ezikhetha ukuzamukela.Ezinye izindawo zisebenzisa amapulasitiki athile kuphela, ezinye amakhadibhodi ansundu nje, futhi eminye imiphakathi ayikunikezeli nhlobo ukugaywa kabusha.
Umehluko phakathi kwemizamo yokuvuselela kabusha e-Emmett County nakwezinye izindawo e-Michigan wukuphila isikhathi eside kanye nokutshalwa kwezimali ekusetshenzisweni kabusha kwengqalasizinda kanye nobudlelwano besikhathi eside namabhizinisi aphinde asebenzise izinto zokwakha.Upende we-Latex, omatilasi abasetshenzisiwe namalambu okukhanya e-fluorescent bathole ngisho nokusetshenziswa okusha, kusho izikhulu.
"Abantu ababephethe i-Emmett County ngaleso sikhathi babebheke phambili ekuzameni ukugqugquzela ukugaywa kabusha kwezinto," kusho u-Andy Torzdorf, umqondisi wohlelo.
Isikhungo sase-Harbour Springs siyisiteshi sokudlulisa imfucuza, lapho udoti uthunyelwa khona endaweni yokulahla imfucumfucu enenkontileka, kanye nesikhungo sokugaywa kabusha kwemifudlana ekabili. Umthetho wesifunda udinga ukuthi yonke imfucuza yasendlini idlule endaweni nokuthi bonke abathutha imfucuza bakhokhe imali efanayo yokulahla.
"Izakhamuzi zingagaya kabusha mahhala. Udoti awukho, ngakho-ke kunesikhuthazo esingokwemvelo sokugaywa kabusha. Ngakho-ke lokho kukodwa kunikeza izakhamuzi isizathu sokugaywa kabusha - ukuthenga ukugaywa kabusha," kusho uTorzdorf.
Izibalo zikhombisa ukuthi ngo-2020, lesi sikhungo sacubungula amathani angu-13,378 wezinto ezigaywa kabusha, ezapakishwa zalayishwa emalolini amancane, zase zithunyelwa futhi zathengiswa emabhizinisini ahlukahlukene ukuze asebenzise lezi zinto.
Izinkampani eziningi ezithenga izinto ezigaywe kabusha zase-Emmet County zitholakala eMichigan noma kwezinye izingxenye zesifunda saseGreat Lakes.
I-Aluminium iya esikhungweni senkonzo ye-scrap sikaGaylord; amapulasitiki Nombolo 1 no-2 athunyelwa enkampanini yaseDundee ukuze enze amapulangwe epulasitiki, kamuva aphendulwe abe okokuhlanza namabhodlela amanzi; amakhadibhodi kanye ne-containerboard kuthunyelwa enkampanini e-Upper Peninsula Kraft mills kanye nomkhiqizi wokupakisha ukudla e-Kalamazoo, phakathi kwabanye; amabhokisi nezinkomishi ezithunyelwa kumenzi wethishu e-Cheboygan; amafutha emoto aphinde acwengwa eSaginaw; ingilazi ethunyelwe enkampanini e-Chicago ukuze yenze amabhodlela, ukufakwa kwe-insulation kanye nama-abrasives; ama-electronics athunyelwe ezikhungweni zokudiliza e-Wisconsin; nezindawo eziningi zezinye izinto zokwakha.
Abagqugquzeli balo msebenzi baze bakwazi ukuthola indawo eVirginia lapho babengathenga khona iloli lezikhwama zepulasitiki namaphakethe amafilimu—izinto okunzima ukuzilawula ngenxa yokuthi zingaxakaxaka ekuhlungeni izinto.
Baqinisekisa ukuthi yonke into eyamukelwayo i-Emmet County Recycling “iyagaywa kabusha futhi igaywa kabusha,” kusho u-Tolzdorf.Abamukeli noma yini engenayo imakethe eqinile, athe akusho ukuthi ayikho i-Styrofoam.
"Okugaywa kabusha konke kusekelwe ezimakethe zempahla, ngakho-ke eminye iminyaka kuphezulu kanti eminye iminyaka iphansi. Ngo-2020 senze cishe u-$500,000 sithengisa izinto ezingaphinda zisetshenziswe futhi ngo-2021 senze ngaphezulu kwezigidi ezingu-$100 zamadola," kusho u-Tolzdorf.
"Kubonisa ukuthi imakethe izohluka nakanjani. Yehla kakhulu ngo-2020; baphindela emuva eminyakeni emihlanu ngo-2021. Ngakho-ke ngeke sikwazi ukusekela yonke imali yethu ekuthengisweni kwezinto ezisetshenziswa kabusha, Kodwa uma zizinhle, zilungile futhi ziyasithwala, futhi lapho ngezinye izikhathi zingekho, isiteshi sezokuthutha sizosithwala futhi sisithwale."
Isiteshi sokudlulisa lesi sifunda siphathe cishe ama-cubic wamayadi ayi-125,000 kadoti wasendlini ngo-2020, okwenza imali ecishe ibe yizigidi ezi-2.8 zamaRandi.
Ukwengezwa kwezihlungi zamarobhothi ngo-2020 kwenyusa ukusebenza kahle kwabasebenzi ngamaphesenti angama-60 futhi kwakhuphula ukubanjwa kwezinto ezigaywa kabusha ngamaphesenti ayi-11, kusho u-Tolzdorf.
Iminyaka yemizamo yezinhlangothi ezimbili yabaphathi bangaphambili nabamanje yokubuyekeza imithetho yemfucuza eqinile yaseMichigan ifinyelele umvuthwandaba ngamaphakheji omthetho okuhloswe ngawo ukuthuthukisa ukugaywa kabusha, ukwenza umquba nokusetshenziswa kabusha kwempahla. Izikweletu zaphasisa iNdlu yezwe entwasahlobo ka-2021 kodwa selokhu zamiswa eSigele ngaphandle kwanoma yiziphi izingxoxo zekomiti noma ukulalelwa.
Imibiko eminingi ekhiqizwe wumbuso ihlola lolu daba futhi ilinganisela ukuthi abakwaMichiganders bebonke bakhokha imali engaphezu kwesigidigidi esingu-$1 ngonyaka ukuze balawule imfucuza yabo.Kule mfucumfucu yasendlini, izinto ezisebenzisekayo ezingabiza amaRandi ayizigidi ezingu-600 zigcina sezisendaweni yokulahla imfucumfucu unyaka ngamunye.
Ingxenye yomthetho osalindile izodinga ukuthi izifunda zibuyekeze izinhlelo zazo ezikhona zikadoti oqinile zibe izinhlelo zesimanje zokuphatha izinto, zibeke izilinganiso zokugaywa kabusha, futhi zikhuthaze ukubambisana kwesifunda ukuze kusungulwe izikhungo zokugaywa kabusha kanye nokwenza umquba esizeni.Umbuso uzohlinzeka ngemali yesibonelelo sikahulumeni kule mizamo yokuhlela.
Izifunda zaseMarquette nase-Emmett ziyizibonelo ezinhle zemizamo yesifunda yokuhlinzeka ngezinsizakalo, kusho u-Liz Browne, umqondisi we-Materials Management Division eMnyangweni wezeMvelo waseMichigan, i-Great Lakes kanye ne-Energy.Eminye imiphakathi yaseMichigan ingakwazi ngokufanayo ukuthuthukisa izinhlelo eziqinile zokusebenzisa kabusha nokufaka umquba ezizuzisa umnotho kanye nemvelo, esho.
"Ukubuyisela okuthile emsebenzini akunawo umthelela omncane kunokuqala ngezinto ezingakaze zenzeke. Uma siphumelele ukukhiqiza izinto ezibonakalayo eMichigan futhi sibe nemakethe eMichigan, sizonciphisa kakhulu umthelela wethu ekuthumeleni," kusho uBrown.
Bobabili u-Browne no-O'Brien bathe ezinye izinkampani zaseMichigan azikwazanga ukuthola isitokwe esanele esigaywe kabusha ngaphakathi kwemigqa yezwe.Kufanele bathenge lezi zinsiza kwezinye izifundazwe noma ngisho naseCanada.
U-Karl Hatopp, umphathi we-supply chain e-TABB Packaging Solutions e-Dundee, uthe ukubamba okunye okugaywa kabusha okuvela emfuleni kadoti waseMichigan nakanjani kuzozuzisa amabhizinisi athembele ekuthengeni izinto ezisetshenziswa ngemuva kokuthenga ukuze azikhiqize.
UHartop uthe amapulasitiki agaywa kabusha aphulwa abe yiresin yangemva komthengi, noma “i-pellet,” ebese idayiselwa abakhiqizi baseWestland nakwabanye e-Ohio nase-Illinois, lapho enziwa khona amathini okowasha kanye namabhodlela amanzi e-Absopure.
“Lapho singakwazi ukuthengisa impahla eyengeziwe (ngaphakathi) eMichigan, siba ngcono kakhulu,” esho.” Uma singathenga okwengeziwe eMichigan, singathenga okuncane ezindaweni ezifana neCalifornia noma iTexas noma iWinnipeg.”
Le nkampani isebenza namanye amabhizinisi aseDundee akhule embonini yokugaywa kabusha kwezinto.Eyodwa yinkampani ye-cleantech, lapho uHartop ethi usesebenze amashumi eminyaka.
"I-Clean Tech iqale ngezisebenzi ezine futhi manje sinezisebenzi ezingaphezu kuka-150. Ngakho-ke, indaba yempumelelo," esho.”Lapho siphindaphinda, sidala amathuba emisebenzi e-Michigan, futhi leyo misebenzi ihlala eMichigan. Ngakho-ke, ngokuphathelene nathi, ukwanda kokugaywa kabusha kuyinto enhle."
Enye yezinhloso ze-MI Healthy Climate Plan esanda kuqedwa ukukhulisa amazinga okugaywa kabusha abe okungenani kumaphesenti angama-45 ngo-2030 futhi kunqanyulwe imfucumfucu yokudla phakathi.Lezi zinyathelo zingenye yezindlela uhlelo olubiza ngayo ukuthi iMichigan izuze umnotho ongathathi hlangothi ngo-2050.
Isaziso kubafundi: Uma uthenga okuthile ngesinye sezixhumanisi esisebenzisana nazo, singase sizuze ikhomishini.
Ukubhalisa noma ukusebenzisa leli sayithi kuhlanganisa ukwamukela Isivumelwano Somsebenzisi, Inqubomgomo Yobumfihlo kanye Nesitatimende Sekhukhi kanye Namalungelo Akho Obumfihlo ase-California (Isivumelwano Somsebenzisi sibuyekezwe 1/1/21. Inqubomgomo Yobumfihlo kanye Nesitatimende Sekhukhi sibuyekezwe ngo-5/1/2021) .
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Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jun-06-2022